Master's/Ph.D Thesis

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF POULTRY VENTURES IN LAGOS STATE

2026-05-12T09:44:35Z

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF POULTRY VENTURES IN LAGOS STATE; PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF POULTRY VENTURES IN LAGOS STATE AFOLABI, M.O; AFOLABI, M.O Investigation of problems and prospects of poultry ventures in Lagos State is the subject of this study. The closure of many renown poultry farms in the state is one of the principal factors that motivated the research. Lagos State was divided into seven agricultural zones. The data were collected using a three tier methodological approach of questionnaire administration, unstructured oral interview and non-participant observation. The analysis which followed was done using the two-way Analysis of Variance. Poultry farmers in Lagos concentrated mainly on poultry alone except for a few that combined crop production with poultry, The choice of about 80% of these farmers centred on raising layers for table-egg production. Some combined broiler production(meat production) in their operation. The cage system of operation was commonly adopted and mostly 70% of the farmers used open sided buildings. The major problems encountered by farmers in Lagos State were high feed cost and disease prevalence. While the problem of feed revolved round the cost of the feed which was generally considered to be expensive. by most farmers, diseases such as gomboro, fowl pox and coccidiosis were 30% in the state. Drugs. to combat these diseases were generally expensive to purchase. Although labour was relatively cheap and easily available, their remuneration was low. This was possibly responsible for various vices practised by the poultry workers. Such vices included stealing and laziness at work. Between 40% and 50% of poultry products were marketed through open markets and farm gate sales and demand was adequate and encouraging. Despite all the predicaments befalling the poultry venture, there existed prospects for the business in Lagos State. 54p.:ill;30cm

EVALUATION OF PHYSICAL BODY TRAITS AND SOME BLOOD CHARACTERISTICS OF WEST AFRICAN DWARF GOATS IN SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA

2026-05-12T09:17:32Z

EVALUATION OF PHYSICAL BODY TRAITS AND SOME BLOOD CHARACTERISTICS OF WEST AFRICAN DWARF GOATS IN SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA ADEBAYO, JULIUS OLUBUKOLA Two hundred West African Dwarf (WAD) goats aged 1-6 years were examined during a 10-months period, from October, 2003 to July, 2004 in randomly selected locations within South Western Zones of Nigeria. Qualitative traits namely coat colour, polled trait, presence or absence of teat, wattle and beard were examined and described in all the experimental animals. Black colour observed in 54% of the animals predominate while brown and mixed colours accounted for 16% and 30% of all the animals respectively. All goats studio irrespective of sex were horned. The goats had a pair of teat each except eight goats with supernumerary teats. Possession of beard was common in all bucks observed but 8.5% of the females had. beard. About 36.5% of all the WAD goats examined possessed wattle. The linear body measurements recorded in this study included body length (BL), chest girth (CG), height at girth (HG), height at wither (HW), leg lcngtl. (LL), shoulder to tail length (STL), nose to shoulder length (NL), tail length (TL) and ear length (EL). There was no sex difference in body weight and linear body' measurements with the exception ofTL. Location effects were observed for HW, TL and EL while the effect or age was significant (1)<0.05) for body weight arid linear body measurement apart from CG and NSL. In general, the body weight, linear body measurements (except HE, EL and CG) and blood parameters (except MCV,' MCHC and ALB: GLB) were not significantly (P>0.05) influenced by the qualitative traits studied. Correlations among the traits were positive and among all the linear body measurements reported, BL, HW and LL could be used to predict the body weight. Location, sex and age had 110 significant (P>O.OS) effect on the haematogical indices studied-except RBC and some erythrocyte indices (MCV and MCH). With the exception of ALB: GLB, all serum indices were not significantly influenced by location, sex and age. 76p.:ill;30cm

QUALITY OF NIGERIAN GROUNDNUT CAKE AND ITS REPLACEMENT VALUES FOR SOYABEAN MEAL IN BROILER CHICKEN DIETS

2023-08-01T10:45:23Z

QUALITY OF NIGERIAN GROUNDNUT CAKE AND ITS REPLACEMENT VALUES FOR SOYABEAN MEAL IN BROILER CHICKEN DIETS DUROWAIYE, PAUL FEMI The bias for soyabean meal (SBM) above other plant sources of protein has made it to be in more demand. The scarcity and exorbitant price of SBM necessitate considering other suitable plant protein sources. Groundnut cake (GNC), if properly harnessed, can substitute for SBM in broilers’ diets due to its comparable proximate compositions, local availability and price competitiveness with SBM. However, the incidence of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination of GNC is a concern. Hence, this study investigated the quality of Nigerian GNC and its replacement values for SBM in broiler chicken diets. The preliminary stage of this study documented the perceptions and awareness of agriculturists in two states of each geopolitical zone of Nigeria through the administration of questionnaires on the AFB1 contamination of Nigerian GNCfrom the selected states with consideration to seasonal variability. The experimental phase involved two different studies (with and without toxin binders). The first study, which assessed the effects of different inclusion levels of GNC (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) as replacement of SBM in broiler diets without toxin binders, was further divided into three experiments. ExperimentsI and II involved one hundred and fifty (150) Cobb 500-day-old broiler chicks.The chicks were randomly selected and allotted to the five dietary treatments containing different inclusion levels of GNC respectively with 3 replicates and 10 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design on the second week of arrival after one week of acclimatization. The experimental broiler starter diets were provided for three weeksad libitum. Experiment I was completed at the age of 4 weeks (3 weeks of feeding starter diets) when two (2) birds per replicate were randomly selected subjected to various assessments. Experimental II continued with the remaining eight (8) birds per replicate and fed broiler finisher diets without toxin binder from the beginning of the 5th week until the end of the 8th week. Experiment III involved random allocation of 120 birds fed the control diets from day old until the end of the 4th week of age on the experimental finisher diets in three replicates with eight birds per replicate. The second study involvedone hundred and eighty-nine (189) broiler chicks fed diet containing 25% GNC as replacement of SBM from day old until the end of the 4th week. The birds were randomly distributed on seven (7) experimental diets at the beginning of the 5th week and lasted four weeks on the diets. Diets 1 and 2 contained 25 and 50% GNC as replacement of SBM respectively without toxin binders. The remaining five (5) diets contained 50% GNC as replacement of SBM with inclusions of different brands of toxin binders. Results revealed that inclusion of GNC above 25% as replacement of SBMin the starter and finisher diets significantly (P<0.05) depressed body weight gain and feed intake among the chicks in the first 4weeks of life as well as among those were fed both starter and finisher diets. However, inclusion of GNC up to 50% as replacement of SBM in the finisher diets of birds that received only the experimental finisher diets significantly (P<0.05) led to higher weight gain and feed intake as well as the more improved feed conversion ratio. Significant (P<0.05) reductions were also observed when the inclusions of GNC were increased to 75 and 100% as replacement of SBMin the diets of broilers fed starter diets only while the groups that were fed only finisher diets and starter and finisher diets did not show a significant (P>0.05) difference in the weight of the organs.The broilers fed diets containing toxin binder had significantly (P<0.05) higher weight gain, feed intake and better feed conversion ratio without any significant (P>0.05) difference on the haematological, serum biochemical and meat qualities of the birds. Hence, broiler productivity could be enhanced without any deleterious effects to the well beings of the birds and consumers by replacing 25% of SBM with GNC at the starter phase and 50% with toxin binder at the finisher phase of broiler chickens M.TECH.

HEALTH STATUS OF WEST AFRICAN DWARF GOATS FED DIETS CONTAINING COMPOSITE RAW CASHEW NUTSHELL TO REPLACE CASSAVA PEELS

2023-01-31T11:49:03Z

HEALTH STATUS OF WEST AFRICAN DWARF GOATS FED DIETS CONTAINING COMPOSITE RAW CASHEW NUTSHELL TO REPLACE CASSAVA PEELS OYEWUMI, NIKE Raw Cashew Nut Shell (RCNS) is one of the agro-industrial waste products that could be used as ruminants’ feed. Therefore this study was carried out to investigate the effects of raw cashew nut shell meal on health status of West African Dwarf goats. Twenty (20) West African dwarf goats were used and randomly allotted to four (4) Dietary treatments of five (5) goats each in a completely randomized design. Four diets were formulated and replaced with varying inclusion levels of RCSN meal: Diet 1 the control diet had -0%; Diet 2- 10%; Diet 3- 20% and Diet 4- 30% of raw cashew nut shell meal (RCNSM). The feeding trial commenced and lasted for sixty three days (63) with the experimental goats fed ad libitum. In the last week of the experiment, blood samples were collected from the jugular veins of all the experimental goats for analysis of haematological and serum biochemical indices. Rumen liquor samples were collected from the goats for microbiological analysis to determine Total bacterial counts, identification and characterization of the bacteria organisms present in the stomach. The data collected were subjected to one way analysis of variance, treatment means were compared using Duncan Multiple Range test. The chemical composition of the experimental diets revealed that all the parameters measured were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the inclusion of RCNSM except for the ash content. Diet 4 (30% RCNSM) had significantly (P<0.05) higher dry matter content of (82.87%) and crude protein (9.89%) compared to other test diets. Diet 1 (0% RCNSM) had the highest EE value of 3.94%. The NFE content decreased steadily from Diet 1 to Diet 4 with the values ranging between 55.19-57.32%. The values of ADF (34.81%) and cellulose (28.98%) of control diet (Diet 1) were highest compared to other test diets. There was no significant (P>0.05) difference in the haematological parameters except lymphocytes and neutrophils, with lymphocytes and neutrophils values highest in goats fed Diet 1(73.67%; 33.00%) respectively while goats fed Diet 4 recorded the lowest values (63.67%; 24.33%). None of the serum biochemical indices showed significant (p>0.05) difference among the dietary treatment groups. The varying inclusion levels of RCNSM had significant (P<0.05) influence on the rumen bacterial and coliform counts. The average rumen bacterial and coliform population increased as the inclusion levels of RCNSM increased with goats fed control diet had the least value 31.00 × 102cfu/ml; 11.00 × 102 cfu/ml; those fed Diet 4 which contained 30% of RCNSM had the highest values 58.67×102 cfu/ml ; 29.67× 102cfu/ml of bacteria and coliform counts respectively. Only Salmonella. Clostridium, Proteus and Bacillus species of bacteria were commonly isolated from the goats fed the four different diets. Results showed significant differences (P<0.05) among the various dietary treatments for performance characteristics. Goats fed 10% raw cashew nut shell meal had the highest weight gain (3.11kg), final weight gain (9.77kg) and feed intake (250.09g/day) compared to the other animals given RCNS meal while goats fed 30% had the highest feed gain ratio (11.38). It was therefore concluded that addition of the raw cashew nutshell meal in this study up to 10% inclusion level did not pose any health problems to the animals. M.AGRIC THESIS