http://196.220.128.81:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/142 2026-07-21T17:44:06Z http://196.220.128.81:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/5941 ASPECTS OF SEED RESISTANCE IN SELECTED VARIETIES OF COWPEA TO DAMAGE BY CALLOSOBRUCHUS MACULATUS (FABRICIUS) (COLEOPTERA: BRUCHIDAE) ADEDUNTAN, SUNDAY ADENIYI Three experiments were used to assess the relative susceptibilities of three known resistant, one known susceptible and seven other varieties of cowpea available locally ill Akure (Nigeria) markers under laboratory conditions (30+ 1C and 50+ 10% r. h.). In the first experiment. a known susceptible and three resistant varieties of cowpea were subjected to three different levels of initial larval infestation (one, five and tell larvae per seed). A beetle colony derived from infested cowpea seeds in a local market in Akure was employed. In the second experiment. the susceptibility of seven varieties of cowpea commonly sold in local markets, to seed damage by C. maculatus were compared with that or three known resistant varieties and a well-known susceptible variety. The development and survival of C. maculatus in two of the known resistant varieties over five successive generations of the beetle was further monitored ill the third experiment. Speed of beetle development and larval survival to adult emergence in the cowpeas, were used y) measure performance of the beetle ill the cowpeas, Results of the first experiment showed that in the resistant cowpeas, development time was not affected by level of larval infestation. Percentage adult emergence decreased significantly (P < 0.05)) with increase in level of larval infestation in the resistant cowpeas. In the second experiment, beetle development was generally slower and fewer individual survived to adulthood in the known resistant cowpea compared to others. Development tie was significantly longer and percentage adult emergence was significantly lower in the locally sold varieties, TVx 3436, White Drum and Oloo than in the well-known susceptible variety. In the third experiment, there were no significantly differences in the development time of C. maculatus in the resistance cowpeas (IT851-2205 and IT90K391) between five successive generations. The percentage of hatched beetle eggs which produced adults in the cowpea increased significantly from one generation to the next. The significance of the observations in the experiments is discussed. 63p.ill:30cm 1998-08-24T00:00:00Z http://196.220.128.81:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/5940 FOOD AND FEEDING HABITS OF WHITE-THROATED MONKEY (Cercopithecus erythrogaster.L) IN OKOMU NATIONAL PARK, EDO STATE, NIGERIA OBASOGIE, FRIDAY The study examined the relative abundance, feeding habits and nutrient quality of the food of white-throated monkeys. (Cercopithecus crythrogaster (L) in Okomu National Park. The rainy season study was conducted between the months of May to October 2005 and November to February 2006, to determine the effects of seasonality of the food and feeding behaviour of white-throated monkeys in the park, Data were collected between the hours of 7.00 11.30 and 14.00- 19.00 along the natural trails which were used as transects in each of the four ranges in the park. Plant species and their parts eaten by white-throated monkeys were identified through direct observations with the aid of binoculars. Food items eaten by white-throated monkys in the park were identified to include young leaves, matured leaves, fruits and flowers. These identified parts of plants were collected fresh in plastic bags and oven dried at 40"C for 24 hours to estimate the dry matter content. Each dried food sample was milled to powdered form to determine the proximate contents. The results revealed that White-throated monkeys feeds mainly on fruits. Elaeis guineensis, Atlanblanckia floribunda and Myrianthus arborcus recorded the highest percentage of food consumption with 13.3%, 13.3$% and 12.3% respectively, in the rainy season. While Irvingia smithii, Zylopia aethiopica and Juglan nigran recorded the highest percentage frequency of food consumption in the dry season with 17.3%, 14.4% and 13.8% respectively. It was generally concluded that the present vegetation of Okomu National Park could sustain the existing population of white throated monkeys and other wild animal' 'species in the park provided various illegal human activities in the park areas are effectively controlled. Obasogie (2005) 55p.ill:30cm 2008-09-08T00:00:00Z http://196.220.128.81:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/5933 OPTIMUM FARM PLAN FOR FOOD SECURITY IN NIGERIA. OLADUGBA, MOSUNMOLA LYDIA· The study determines the optimum farm plan for food security in Ondo- state. Data were collected from 100 farmers randomly selected from live (5) local government areas of the state namely: Idanre, Ile-Oluj i/Oke igbo, Ondo West, Ondo East, and Odigbo local government areas. analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequencies, These data were percentage, mean bar charts and pie charts. Inferential statistical analysis were done using multiple regression to determine the production function; cost and return analysis were used to analyze the gross margin and net farm income of the farmers. The optimum enterprise combination was determined by using linear programming. The major findings from the respondents during the course or the study were highlighted as follows: 55% were between 31 to 50 years or age which is the active group and is the modal age. 95% of the respondents were male. More than half of the respondents (54.17%) had no formal education. 96.88% of the respondents were married. Most of the respondents (93.45%) took farming as their primary occupation. 79.09% of the respondents family of between 0 to 10 household members. keep large 96.88% of the respondents involved labour. members of their household in farming while 69% relied on hired 80.21 % of the respondents acquired their farmland through purchasing. 78.12% of the respondents had been in farming for between 1.0 to 49years i.c. farming experience of between 10 to 49years. Most of the respondents (8542%) were into Farming for income stability and food security. 69.79% of the respondents possesses farmland sizes of between 1.0 to 5.0 hectares of land. 93.75% of the respondents acquired their farm inputs directly from the market. More than half or the respondents (51.04%) transport their farm produce from the farm by head. Nearly all the respondents (90.68%) had no access to credit facilities. 69.79% of the respondents wish to continue in farming by reasons or income stability and food security. 78.12 % of the respondents encountered one problem or the other viz: (transportation, glut, credit spoilage). 35.42% of the respondents were faced with the problems of glut 'and credit purchase. 78.12 % of the respondents showed their desired for government intervention and assistance From the multiple regression analysis it was observed that all the independent variables played an important role in explaining the variability of each of the variables in optimum farm plan for food security. The enterprisers) that contributed immensely to the farmers net income were the rood crops and cash crop enterprises with a total net farm income per annum of 128,361.79naira and 115,685.95 naira respectively. The gross margin or each of the enterprises were 142,794.97 naira and 133,976.44 naira respectively. Linear programming was used to determine the total gross margin and to determine the profit line of the two enterprises; (food crops and cash crops) the equation was subjected to three constraints; land, capital and labour. The pro tit line is 14,3and 3.91 respectively. This is the optimal feasible solution. 75p.ill:30cm 2008-10-13T00:00:00Z http://196.220.128.81:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/5932 AGRICULTURAL CREDIT. UTILIZATION AND RECOVERY: A CASE STUDY OF THE NATIONAL LIVESTOCK PROJECTS DIVISION IN ONDO STATE IDOWU, DAVID OLUTUN.DE OLANIYI The Nigerian livestock industry holds the key to the problem of inadequate animal protein consumption by Nigerians. But it is finding it difficult to function properly due to inadequate capital among other problems. Most livestock farmers do not have adequate capital by way of savings nor do they have access to adequate and acceptable credit. Government therefore attempted to address the problem through the establishment of the National Livestock Projects Division (NLPD) loan arrangement. This programme operates in all State of the Federation, Ondo State inclusive. This study therefore attempted to evaluate the programme through the following specific objectives; I. To determine if credit size related significantly with farmers income; II. To relate loan utilization by individual borrowers to loan repayment; lll. To find out whether significant differences exist in loan repayment among borrowers of different personal characteristics, livestock financed, and different loan repayment demand visit levels; and IV. To determine if significant relationships exist between loan repayment and profitability. 150 individual livestock NLPD farmer programme participants from 14 Local Government Areas of Ondo State were randomly selected for the study. These were reached and interviewed using a structured interview schedule. Data was subjected to appropriate statistical analysis including frequencies and percentages, pearson correlation and one-way ANOYA. Findings indicated that mean age of farmers was 40.5 years. A total of 40.7% had Polytechnic or University degrees by way of highest educational qualification. Majority (62.7 %) were government officials with model family size of 4 members. Livestock production. enterprises financed included Mean loan size was N7,275.10. Goat. Poultry, Pig, Sheep and Cattle Mean credit staff visit to farmers was 3.4. Net enterprise income had a mean of N 109,012.60. Loan size did not significantly correlate with farmers income (r=0.10). Loan fund diversion rate was a maximum of 20.75%. It involved only 11.3% of the borrowers. Loan utilization did not affect loan repayment. Loan repayment did not significantly relate to age (r=0.19), education (r=0.05), and social status (r=0.18). It did not also differ significantly among farmers of different ages, education and social status. Among different livestock classes financed, loan repayment did not vary significantly. Among different enterprises financed loan repayment, subjected to one way ANOYA with an F value of 5.04 which was significant at 1.0% level. There were neither significant correlations nor differences between loan repayment and credit officers supervisory visit as well as loan repayment demand visits. Loan repayment however significantly and positively correlated with profitability (r=0.95). 79p.ill:30cm 1998-02-01T00:00:00Z