http://196.220.128.81:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/197 2026-08-12T13:31:50Z http://196.220.128.81:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/5999 THE SIMULATION OF OPTIMISATION OF A 3- TERM CONTROLLER ACTION IN A CRUDE OIL DISTILLATION UNIT AKOKHIA, ADAMU HAKIM The optimization of a digital computer configured in a direct digital control systems to work as a proportional- plus- integral- plus derivative controller subject to a quadratic constraint in the Warri Refinery and Petrochemical Company is presented. The design uses state- space techniques, operating on measurements of the plant inputs and outputs. A multivariable self- tuning controller analysis with inputs and output values in the state- vector is adopted. Self-tuning control includes two substantial steps, which are executed sequentially in each control cycle. One is parameter identification and the other is the control law construction based on the defined goal which is the optimum gain setting for the controller. The algorithm developed for the system is based on the transfer function in the Z domain with z-1 defined as a unity delayer. The controllability and observability of the control system is investigated and hence the development of a state observer is considered. The observer design criterion is based on the assumption that the transfer function matrix from the input to the observer state be equal to that from the input to the system state. The discrete-time plant is assumed to be stabilizable (controllable) and detectable (observable), linear and time invariant; hence change of state does not depend on initial time but depends only on the length of time during which the control force is applied. This is the sampling period. The input responses and the output responses obtained at each performance condition are presented. The optimum performance condition is determined by the least square technique. This is shown in the appendix. xiv, 112p. : ill. ; 30cm 2001-01-01T00:00:00Z http://196.220.128.81:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/5998 SPACE-DIVERSITY TECHNIQUE FOR COMBATING SIGNAL FADING IN MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM IN NIGERIA POPOOLA, JIDE JULIUS Fading on wireless channels has. been viewed as a problem that must be combated in order. to achieve reliable and effective information transfer. In this work, the space-diversity technique was applied to combat fading. The exposition of this technique as well as different theories on path loss propagation and antennas spacing equations were presented. In carrying out the project, an application program was developed with c++ programming language. The developed program was used to generate the required data, which was later analysed statistically. The performance improvement of the technique was evaluated by comparing the generated data from the program with results from recent related works. xii, 120p. : ill. ; 30cm 2003-08-01T00:00:00Z http://196.220.128.81:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/5997 RURAL ELECTRIFICATION IN OYO STATE OF NIGERIA: AJEIIGBE, AKINADE JACOB According to state reports only 45% of Nigerian populations have access to electricity and only 10% of rural dwellers have access electricity. 24% of the population and vast developmental potentials are in the rural areas of Sates such as Oyo, justifying the need of this study. The aim of this study is to assess the transmission capacity of the existing rural primary feeder network (33 kV) and to determine ways of reinforcing the 33 kV network by thermal and voltage requirement for adequate distribution of electricity in view of prospective full scale electrification and power demand of the rural areas of Oyo State. The translations of results are expected to be useful for electrification planners. This work is done by using data of maximum power demand allocations to fully electrified areas of the State to compute expected range of power demand per capita, and applying normal mode simulations and calculations by iterative approximation methods (matrix) solutions of the equations of state. The following conclusions were made from an analysis of the results: and direct The load densities per capita range from an expected 0.011 kW to 0.094 kW; expected potential load demand for the whole state is about 534 MW (this is huge compared to the total 103.7 MW supplied by the utility); at 33kV the capacities of these networks are inadequate due to overloading of lines (55%) and critical bus voltages (82%); the total injection substation capacity (225 MVA) is inadequate for meeting the potential demand of Oyo State, including electrification of the rural areas; and upgrading the voltage of the existing network will improve the distribution capacity significantly and solve overloading and voltage problems. Consequently, the following recommendations were made: the 33 kV network should be reinforced by upgrading to 132 kV; the total substation capacity in Oyo State should be increased by installing more 132 kV substations to relieve the existing fully loaded ones. Otherwise, this will serve as a constraint to any full scale rural electrification intending to feed from the national grid. development in Oyo State intending to feed from the national grid. xx, 62p. : ill. ; 30cm 2010-04-01T00:00:00Z http://196.220.128.81:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/5996 RELIABILITY STUDIES ON 11KV FEEDER LINES IN AKURE, ONDO STATE, NIGERIA ALE, Thomas Olabode Power interruptions due to occurrence of system faults constitute a problem to electricity consumers in Nigeria. This project report records the result of a study on Akure township main substation (a case study). Fault data on the 11kV feeder lines were recorded from the daily logbooks. These were collated and analysed to estimate the reliability of the power system in Akure over a five-year period (1998- 2002). Procedural processes for all improved reliability are suggested. xiv, 161p. : ill. ; 30cm 2003-08-01T00:00:00Z