AMELIORATIVE EFFECT OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF GLORY LEAVES (ClerodendrumsplendensG. Don) ON ALUMINUM-INDUCED NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS IN MALE ALBINO RATS

Abstract

Neurodegenerative Disease is a generic term applied to a variety of conditions arising from a chronic breakdown and deterioration of the nerve cells, particularly those of the Central Nervous System (CNS). This study investigated the intervention ofmethanolic leaf extract of Clerodendrumsplendensagainst aluminium-induced neurological disorder in rats model typified by evaluating its effects on the endogenous oxidative stress markers. Animals were divided into 5 groups of 5 albino rats each, 50mg/kg BWT of AlCl3 solution were administered intraperitonally for one week except for group 1 which served as the negative control, group 2 was the positive control, group 3 and 4 were administered methanolic leaf extract of C. splendens (MLCS) (100/200mg/kg body weight) and group 5 were administered the standard drug respectively for 28days.The extent and inhibition of neuronal damage was typified by various antioxidant assays [Glutathione transferase (G-S-T), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Reduced glutathione (GSH), Lipid peroxidation (MDA) level]; Excitatory assays [Xanthine oxidase, Myeloperoxidase (MPO), Na+/K+ATPase, Triacylglyceride (TAG], and Neurofunctional assays [Dopamine concentration (DOP), Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and Tyrosine hydroxylase]. The result revealed that the MLCS significantly ameliorated the damage caused by aluminium on the brain antioxidant status in the administered groups. The results of all the antioxidant assays showed a significantly (p<0.05) dose dependent increase except MDA which showed a decreased in its concentration, while in the excitatory assays, (TAG and MPO), MLCS serve as a positive modulator by significantly (p<0.05) lowering their concentration, but xanthine oxidase, and Na+/K+ATPase had a significantly (p<0.05) increase in activity, MLCS administered group for neurofunctional assays; (DOP, AchE, and Tyrosine hydroxylase) showed a significantly (p<0.05) dose dependent increase in activities. Aluminiuminduction declined spatial memory function, observed by Y-maze spatial memory test, while treatment with MLCS reversed the spatial disarray caused by the aluminium treatment. The study established that the extract was able to enhance the endogengous antioxidant of the administered group and increase the memory indices declined by the aluminium induction, and as such would be a therapeutic agent in the management of neurological disorders (Alzheimer’s).