SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF THREE IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES

Abstract

Three imidazole derivatives were synthesized; 1-ethy-2-methy-4- nitro-5-(4-nitrophenoxy) imidazole, 1-ethy-2-methy--4- nitro-5-(4-chlorophenoxy) imidazole and 1-ethy- 2-methy- 4-nitro-5-(4-bromophenoxy) imidazole. 1-ethy-2-methy-4-nitro-5-chloro imidazole was reacted with p-chlorophenol, p-nitro phenol and p-bromo phenol to give the derivatives. The compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectral. The synthesized compound were evaluated for the antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermis, streptococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus dysenteriae which were gram positive bacteria and Klebsiella pnumonaiae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli which were Gram-negative bacteria by determination of MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration). 1-ethy-2-methy-4- nitro-5-(4-nitrophenoxy) imidazole was found to be the most active antibacterial amongst the derivatives synthesized having the inhibitory values of 12.00mm, 14.00mm and 14.00mm against Staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faecalis and Klebsiella pnumonaiae respectively. Physical properties such as solubility, melting point, Rf value of the synthesized compounds were also evaluated.