ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED BY STREPTOMYCES SPP ISOLATED FROM FRUIT WASTE DUMP SITE SOIL.

Abstract

This research examined the antimicrobial activities of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized by Streptomyces species from fruit waste dump site at Shasha Commercial Market, Akure, Ondo State. Soil sample was collected from this site and isolation of Streptomyces was done by using soil dilution technique and starch casein agar. Production of nanoparticles was determined and characterized by using Ultra Violet Visible (UV-Vis) Spectrophotometer and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analyses. Optimization of crude extract of nanoparticles was then done by using temperature, pH, carbon sources and salts. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized AgNPs were determined by using agar well diffusion method. Antibiotic sensitivity tests were determined against Fungi and bacteria. The Streptomyces species isolated from fruit waste dump site soil were twenty species. The Streptomyces species that produced nanoparticles were Streptomyces anulatus, Streptomyces celluloflavus, Streptomyces virgatus, Streptomyces californicus, Streptomyces griseoflavus, Streptomyces parvus, Streptomyces albus, Streptomyces rimosus, Streptomyces cellulosae, Streptomyces flavovirens, Streptomyces vinaceus, Streptomyces viridians and Streptomyces flaveolus. Antibacterial activities of silver nanoparticles synthesized by Streptomyces parvus and Streptomyces anulatus inhibited Escherichia coli, while, nanoparticles synthesized by Streptomyces californicus inhibited Streptococcus faecalis. Furthermore, silver nanoparticles synthesized by Streptomyces californicus inhibited Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus terrus. Also, nanoparticles synthesized by Streptomyces parvus inhibited Aspergillus niger gotten from wound sample. Antibiotic sensitivity against Gram negative organisms showed that Amoxacillin and Tarivid inhibited Shigella dysenteriae ATCC 11835 and Serratia marcescens. Antifungal activities of drugs against pathogens showed that only ketoconazole could inhibit Aspergillus flavus. Nanoparticles synthesized by Streptomyces californicus could be exploited as to replace Rocephin, Ciprofloxacin, Streptomycin, Septrin, Erthromycin, Pefloxacin, Zinnacef and Ketoconazole. The Ultraviolet Visible analysis carried out established Streptomyces albus had the highest absorbance reading from 400-700nm. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed the existence of a band at 641cm-1 -3782cm-1 showed that Streptomyces flavovirens had the peak of the absorbance. The antimicrobial activities of the synthesized AgNPs were confirmed at 30days of preparation of the silver nanoparticles by Streptomyces parvus, Streptomyces anulatus against Escherichia coli are 10.000±2.000, 9.333±0.577 respectively. Streptomyces californicus against Streptococcus faecalis ranges the highest at 14.333±1.155. Microbial synthesized silver nanoparticles obtained from this study showed significant inhibition on the selected isolates. It can be used in the development of novel antimicrobial agents due to its antimicrobial potentials.