CHARACTERIZATION, EVALUATION OF SPROUT SUPPRESSANT AND ANTI-MICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF ESSENTIAL OILS ON TWO KOLANUT (Cola nitida and Cola acuminata) Species

Abstract

The experiment on the use of essential oils extract from the seed of Monodora tenuifolia, leaves of ocimum grattissimum and Orange peel), to control sprouting of Kolanuts in storage and its anti microbial activity was conducted. The proximate and pytochemical of the plant sample were also carried out. The essential oil was obtained by hydro distillation using all glass Clevenger apparatus. The identification of the functional groups of oils were characterized using Gas chromatography / Mass Spectrometer (GCMS). The dust formulation of the oil was prepared using different carrier of alumina, bentonite, kaolin and saw –dust. The result of the proximate composition indicates the moisture content ranged between 9.73 – 10.58 % with monodora tenuifolia having highest value: 10.58% and Cola accuminata having the least; 9.73%. The ash content ranged between 2.06 – 5.51% with orange peel having the highest value; 5.51% and Monodora tenuifolia having the least value of;2.06%. The fat content ranged between 2.20 -30.71% with Monodora tenuifolia having the highest content of 30.71 and Cola nitida with the least value of 20.20%. The protein content ranged between 15.24 – 28.49% with Monodora tenuifola having the highest value of 28.49% and Cola nitida with the least value of 15.24%. The crude fibre content ranged between 4.18 – 12.47% with orange peel having the highest value of 12.47% and Cola nitida with the least value of 4.18%. 280.0g of Monodora tenuifolia was extracted for essential oils and it gave 18g of oil (6.42%) while 250.0g of Ocimum grattissimum gave 10g of oil (4.00%). 270.g of the Orange peel was extracted and it gave 9g of the oil (3.33%)