COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN THREE-DIMENSIONAL FLOWS OF NANOFLUID AND HYBRID NANOFLUID IN THEPRESENCE OF LORENTZ FORCE

Abstract

The study of hybrid nanoparticles continues to receive attention from researchers because of its significance and relevance to the industries especially in the manufac ture of hybrid-powered engines. Although, the most important exclusivity of hybrid nanofluid refers to the composition of two or more variant types of dispersed nanopar ticles. However, when this is carried out in the presence of a Lorentz force remains an open question. This study is designed to investigate the three-dimensional flow of Al2O3− water nanofluid and Cu/Al2O3−water hybrid nanofluid within the thin boundary layer formed on a bidirectional linearly stretching surface with the thin boundary layer, to establish, and compare the effects of stretching, magnetic parame ters and volume fraction on the flow of nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid. The system of governing equations which model the transport phenomena are non-dimensionalized using suitable similarity variables. Numerical solution of the corresponding ordinary differential equation, boundary value problem was obtained using the shooting tech nique along with fourth-order Runge-Kutta integration scheme. It is found that the addition of Cu nanoparticles into A2O3− water nanofluid has a significant effect on the flow with the influence of Lorentz force along y− direction. The decrease in the vertical velocities of the fluids is guaranteed along x− and y− directions due to the increase in the value of the magnetic field parameter which is proportional to Lorentz force. The volume fraction greatly increases the temperature of a fluid due to its high thermal conductivity. The deceleration of the horizontal velocity for the motion of nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid is ascertained with the effect of stretching parameter along x−direction. However, maximum local friction is established with suction when the effect of Lorentz force is minimal.