PAR\METRIC ESTIMATION OF SEWAGE WATER FROM DOMESTIC SOURCES FOR POSSIBLE RE-USE

Abstract

Municipal sewage contains both domestic and industrial wastewater which may differ from place to place depending on the type of industries and industrial establishments. Due to hazardous effects of sewage water on land, human and environment; scarcity of water in some parts of the world led to high tariffs for fresh water. There is therefore the need to recycle the sewage water, treat it and use it for environmental sustainability. The present work was conducted to evaluate sewage water from six sampling sites to assess the physico-chemical and microbial parameters within Akure in Ondo State,determine the risk and its reuse especially for Agricultural purposes if not treated. Water samples were collected in triplicates from six sampling sites and analyzed for physico-chemical, microbial and heavy metal parameters. The reason for this is to know the effects of sewage water on the health and Agricultural sectors. Sewage water were sourced from Tisco limited located in Akure North Local Government Area, FUTA Post-Graduate Hostel, a residential, State General Hospital Akure,Mandate Restaurant located at the South Gate of the Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA) and Mr Bigg Alagbaka. The Sewage water samples were taken to laboratory for analysis. These analyses were carried out using Standard Laboratory procedures in line with American Public Health Association, the results obtained were subjected to Statistical Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) .Twenty eight water quality parameters were being tested for and the results for pH ranged from 5.37 to 7.6,Electrical conductivity ranged from 384.67 μs/cm to 1656.7 μs/cm, Total Dissolved Solid(TDS) ranged from 2462m mg/L to 10604 mg/L, Total Solid(TS) ranged from 16899.00 mg/L to 34438.00 mg/L, Total Solid values ranged from 16899.00 mg/L to 34438.00 mg/L, Acidity ranged from 230.00 to 662.33 mg/CaCO3,Alkalinity ranged from 81.3 mg/L to 415.33 mg/L CaCO3,Chloride content ranged from 82.77 mg/L to 457.08 mg/L,Total hardness (TH) ranged from 24.30 mg/L to 89 mg/L, turbidity ranged from 7.93 to 188.55 NTU, Dissolved Oxygen ranged from 0.00 to 9.20 mg/L, Biological Oxygen demand (BOD ) ranged from 0.00 to 1096.80 mg/L, Hardness ranged from 24.30 mg/L to 89 mg/L,Phosphate level ranged from 0.94 to 3.02 mg/L, Sulphate ranged from 51.27 to 190.09 mg/L,Nitrate ranged from 4.08 to 17.27 mg/L, Oil and grease ranged from 0.64 to 15.32 mg/L. Based on the result, since it is not all the samples for the physico-chemical parameters have their values of significance greater than the standard level of significance which is 0.05 at 95% confidence level, therefore, the physico-chemical parameters for all the samples were not equal if the value of significance is lower than the standard level of significance which is 0.05 at 95% confidence level. Moreover for others which have their values of significance greater than the standard level of significance which is 0.05 at 95% confidence level, it was concluded that the physico-chemical parameters for all the samples were equal.Several tests were conducted and from the results gotten, it was deduced that there were heavy metals and elements that were dangerous in all the samples which can cause health and environmental damages if not properly treated, all the sewage water samples were neither good for drinking nor irrigation purposes.If the water is properly treated, it could be utilized for a wide range of applications such as drinking and irrigation depending on the level of treatments.