DEVELOPMENT OF A LATENCY-AWARE LOAD DISTRIBUTION MODEL FOR VEHICULAR ADHOC NETWORKS (VANETS)

Abstract

Vehicular Adhoc Network (VANET) is one of the interesting and advanced research areas in sub domain of Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) and due to its unique features; it has attracted so much attention of both academia and industry. More often than none, routing and how to secure the network has always been of utmost priority to researchers and little attention is given to ensuring the efficient and effective distribution of load in VANET for the purpose of reducing latency to the minimum. However, with the advent of Intelligent Transport System (ITS) in pair with the possibility of cloud and Internet of Things (IoT) in VANETs that support a large spectrum of mobile distributed applications such as traffic alert dissemination, dynamic route planning, context-aware advertisement and file sharing, there is need for a system that will evenly distribute load in the network for the sole purpose of latency reduction. This study thereby introduces a latency-aware model via a 3-tier load distribution mechanism that reduces delay in message transmission and also helps in addressing traffic congestion faster. The model links two or more Road Side Units (RSUs) together via the internet such that each RSU services a VANET cloud site by receiving, storing, transferring and redirecting messages from source to target. The performance result of the developed model shows that the total distance covered in each linked path increased optimally, the system has higher throughput and was able to maintain a longer network life time