Abstract:
Hybrid green energy (solar and wind) configuration is mostly used in a situation where the power
grid source is not efficient or not cost effective. Their costs can be minimized through proper
equipment sizing and load matching. This research aims to adopt the use of optimization of hybrid
green energy system capable for powering base transceiver stations (BTS) in Akure, Nigeria. The
simulation and optimization were carried out using Hybrid Optimization for Multiple Electric
Renewable (HOMER 3.6 pro version) software to determine the net present cost, operating cost
per year and the energy cost/kWh. It was found that hybrid green energy can be achieved in the
study location. Hybrid-1 energy system is the optimize configuration in which photovoltaic (PV),
wind and conventional energy source|(diesel generator) contribute 60%, 30% and 10% of the total
energy, which is equivalent to 56969 kWh/yr, 28976 kWh/yr and 9054 kWh/yr respectively. The
energy generated from all the hybrid sources clearly shows that it can satisfy the total amount of
65700 kWhr/yr needed by the BTS. The net present cost (NPC), operating and maintenance cost
(OMC) and cost of energy per kilo watt (COE/kW) was determined to be ₦101 M, ₦3.06 M and
₦118.80 kW/hr respectively. Hybrid-2 was found to be the configuration with lowest emission of
CO 2, but it is not cost effective. A fuzzy logic control system has been implemented to monitor
how energy will be supplied to the BTS, the fuzzy surface view show how efficient the control
rules is being combined to serve the two output (BTS and battery) source from the three input
electrical energy (photo voltaic, wind and diesel generator), the input is represented by X and Y
axes while the output is represented by Z axis. The overall result may produce cost effectiveness
power system as well as ensure reduction in the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions within the study
location.
