MODELING OF TOTAL ELECTRIC FIELD RADIATION BY DIPOLE ANTENNA IN FREQUENCY DOMAIN FOR GEOPHYSICAL EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS

Abstract

The scope of this study encompasses modeling of the total electric field radiation by a dipole antenna in the frequency domain for geophysical experimental designs. The work also evaluates the attenuation, skin depth, and amplitude of different geological environments. This was done by encoding the dipole antenna formula in Matlab software to examine the response of the electromagnetic fields in the marine, groundwater, and oil and gas environments. From the results obtained, the optimal frequency utilized across the environment is 1000 Hz, while the lowest is 0.01 Hz. The skin depth for shallow target exploration in the marine environment is about 20 m, while deep target exploration remains optimal at 0.1 Hz. In groundwater environments, the skin depth occurs at distances below 11 m, while a frequency of 0.1 Hz shows a greater strength of penetration across the field. The oil and gas environment has a skin depth lower than 110 m, while the energy remains optimal at a frequency of 0.01 Hz. The output of this model was validated using statistical analysis for calculating the mean and standard deviation across the fields, which were then compared in terms of magnitude. The total field has the highest mean value as observed across the three environments, with values of 0.087744, 50.86456, and 59.81677 A/m, respectively. Considering the standard deviation, the far field has the lowest value of the standard deviation in the order of 1.52E-07, 2.48E-08, and 9.88E-09 A/m, respectively, which makes it suitable for deeper investigation depths. It can therefore be concluded that energy decay in a geologic environment is not a function of the magnitude of energy utilized for probing but of the careful selection of frequency for better optimization and deeper penetration.